Track 24: Neuropathy

Neuropathy refers to a condition where the nerves are damaged, leading to impaired function of the affected nerves. It is a general term used to describe disorders of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. When these nerves become damaged, they cannot properly transmit signals between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body, leading to a range of symptoms, including pain, weakness, numbness, and loss of function.

Peripheral Neuropathy

Overview: The most common type of neuropathy, affecting the peripheral nerves, which are responsible for transmitting signals between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body.

Autonomic Neuropathy

Overview: Affects the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, digestion, and blood press

Causes of Neuropathy

Diabetes: One of the most common causes, where high blood sugar levels damage the nerves over time, leading to diabetic neuropathy.

Trauma: Injury or compression of nerves, such as from accidents, surgery, or repetitive motion, can cause localized or peripheral neuropathy.

Infections: Certain infections, such as shingles (herpes zoster), HIV, Lyme disease, and leprosy, can damage nerves.

Vitamin Deficiency: Deficiencies in B vitamins, particularly B12, can cause nerve damage.

Alcohol Abuse: Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to alcoholic neuropathy, characterized by nerve damage and associated symptoms.

Autoimmune Diseases: Conditions like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome can cause inflammation and damage to the nerves.

Toxins: Exposure to certain chemicals, drugs (e.g., chemotherapy), and heavy metals (like lead) can damage the peripheral nerves.

Inherited Conditions: Genetic disorders like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) can cause peripheral neuropathy.

Metabolic Disorders: Conditions like hypothyroidism or kidney disease can contribute to neuropathy.

Cancer: Tumors can press on nerves, or cancer treatments such as chemotherapy can damage the nervous system.